Do y'all remember that show "Deadliest Warrior" where they would use "science" (read: an excel spreadsheet) to determine which of two kinds of historical soldier was best? It was fake AF but it was super fun to watch. I loved the little fights they put at the end of each episode.

Also OP, to answer your question, it depends on the circumstances. 1v1 it's probably the samurai since they lived into the early industrial age and therefore had access to way better armour and weapons (and also nutrition) than the bronze age Spartans. But if it's a 30v30 formation battle, the Spartans probably take it because spear and shield tactics are OP as heck.