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Dimensional lumber tape measure
(slrpnk.net)
I hope it’s not against the rules here, just saw this woodworking related xkcd that I enjoyed and thought it might be appreciated here:)
I've seen houses like that too. I saw other houses not far away (build in 1885) where the 2x4's matched modern dimensions. Still other houses I've seen the dimensions where something else. Anything since the standard the sizes are all the same.
This is about whatever was available where you happen to live at the time they built.
Most we demo'd and reno'd where sized equally and so drywall could go flush back over top, and pulling out a stud from a doorway you could reuse elsewhere to match.
There was only a few where it looked liked somebody had assembled their house from random scraps. Instead of full studs sometimes they were 3 vertical pieces nailed against 2 or 3 other pieces to make a Stud, and the dimensions were all over the map