X2goserver certainly is an option there. not too complicated to set up, or VNC is another option. As always there will be a bit of screen lag when sharing a gui over network.

and yeah as someone else pointed out there is also the option to run x applications from an ssh client if you enable it. now I will admit I don't think there's a huge amount of utility, more pointing out though it's most likely you are either drastically underestimating the power of a raspberry pi, or maybe overestimating the resource overhead of linux distributions.

The linux world doesn't quite have the mysterious resource usage creep at nearly the same scale as windows a slim but still with gui setup can still run in under 100 mb of ram.

Leaning on the extreme low end assuming you were a generation behind... the raspberry pi 2b+ came out in 2015 with 1 gb of ram. So yeah, while I can't really name any gui applications that might be desirable to use in that way. IE it could be a decent web browser station, or kodi media player if hooked up to a TV etc... I would imagine lag from using a gui application accross would easilly remove any advantage that you'd get over... well just running the probably existing version for the windows PC that you are likely remoting in from.