You can tell by the shooting stars behind the big "N".

They mean the browsers page loading status. They're saying if your content is static, it should be static or loaded in the page document through a CMS, not through an asynchronous call to an api after the page and js framework and load.

Yes it’s called a a href and then when a user click it the browser starts loading a new page and the browser then displays a little progress bar and an animation to indicate it’s loading.