No.

It doesn't matter what they're made of, either the street or the tire is going to break down due to friction. One of two things is being washed down the drain. And you don't want it to be the road.

You could design both road and wheel to be steel, those would break down the least, but steel wheels need tracks and then you're back to street cars. Which are great, by the way.

For a less disruptive solution, no current material matches the qualities of vulcanized rubber that we want for tires. The rubber we use on tires is relatively slow to break down, can hold pressure, makes good contact with rough surfaces, and is cheap.

If you can design a material that's better for the environment that does all of that, you'll be a billionaire within a year.