Yes, this game is like that. This game also has more in depth simulation and mechanics, but it's way less accessible.

One major difference is that RimWorld has a narrator AI that will make up events for your colony to experience, while dwarf fortress tries to simulate a world and the events are most of the time the result of the world simulation.

This makes RimWorld more gamey, meaning dwarf fortress can kind of get stuck in weird or bad situations, and men in black won't magically show up to save your colony. But for many players that's part of the charm!