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Ultrasound can push vaccines into the body without needles
(www.newscientist.com)
This is a most excellent place for technology news and articles.
Presumably the version they use in Star Trek avoids that problem somehow, so it's still a thing that would need to be invented.
The doctors are constantly jabbing people one right after another and often through the uniform…I’d love to see the explanation in universe for that
Maybe their uniforms are self-sterilizing.
Medicine is improved so everyone has super immunity in the future. So it's not that the hypo isn't pushing dirt into their veins, it's that they don't care.