The article says the immune system has a mechanism for teaching it not to attack every time there is a damaged cell via a process in the liver. They are saying they can take a protein, say myelin, and attach it to a sugar called pGal, and it will get ported to the liver where it will also get "trained" to not attack myelin. Then the immune system shouldn't attack nerve fibers as in MS.

So I guess it qualifies as a vaccine as it is involved in training the immune system though in this case to NOT attack something.