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The end goal of communist theory is a stateless, moneyless society. The fact that no country has been successful in transitioning to such a society doesn't matter here, the end goal remains the same, when speaking about theory.
I personally maintain the major downfall has been putting one person in charge. That's never gone particularly well, even in capitalist democracies. I'd like to see a country try it out with a council at the top, preferably 9 or more members, but always an odd number to prevent ties.
Also they all failed to establish a proper democracy first, and therefore fell into authoritarianism
Unfortunately executive power tends to coalesce in a single person whenever an emergency situation occurs. Rome tried rule by committee like what you're describing but gradually slid into dictatorship because of various forces that are basically just human nature.
The Six Nations pulled it off for 15,000-25,000 years. That's just based on the limited archaeological evidence and oral history, but still. I don't think it's human nature so much as a lack of viewing war/violence as a failure of society. The Romans outright celebrated their generals, and many other societies have done so as well.
I'm sure that having the major religion of the last couple millennia in Europe being based on a god of war from the bronze age collapse era didn't help us any either.