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this post was submitted on 01 Apr 2024
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Showerthoughts
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While that's true, in between the voltage spike in either direction there is a moment of equilibrium that is equivalent to "off".
This moment lasts for too short a time to matter, as the voltage goes up and down smoothly in the pattern of a sine wave, meaning the time spent in the true "off" state is infinitesimally small, not 1/60 of a second as the frequency would suggest.
But even then the filaments temperature does fluctuate with the flips in voltage. It again just doesn't matter, as it becomes sufficiently energised again before it even cools enough to stop glowing.
Cheap LEDs stop glowing much quicker than a filament, which is why they can flicker even when the AC is rectified into DC, if done without a capacitor to smooth out the voltage.