Well there are waysmto solve them but they would really hurt the feefees of some big lobbies.

1: limit in some way shape or form the ownership ofmproperty across the board. Average joe won't complain if he can only own two residential properties total because he'll be plenty happy with one. Current ~~parasites~~ investors don't like this because it will limit their profit margins

2: provide high capacity transit to and from satelite towns, extending the 'reachable' distance (how far you can get within 15, 30, 60 minutes) by expanding primarily rail but also the auxiliary services would drastically increase the catchment area of large cities. Cars are really a doomed mode of transport for cities and should ideally be left at the entrance to any major metro region. Important part here: web transit instead of hub and spoke since the latter will make prices in the hub skyrocket even harder. The automotive industry will do their best to prevent this idea because none of them want to risk entering the rail market.

3: this last part really is the hardest because unlike the previousmtwo it cannot be easily solved by regulation/focused tax spending. The previous two points would only create conditions in which housing prices remain lowish if and only if the added space and forced distributed ownership of homes coincided with increased construction efforts.

Part of this means less luxury lofts but herein lies the problem: building has a high base cost (mainly the land itself but also things like plumbing and wiring) with any luxury installations on top of it drastically increasing the profit margins. I cannot think of any way to fix this that won't come back to monkey paw everyone down the line right now. Probably the best way I can think of is heavily reduced taxes for anyone working with first time (total lifetime) home owners coupled with a 5 year sale restriction on the property afterwards. That would give construction companies an incentive to work with collectives of regular people at lower rates rather than the same housing megacorp over and over again.

4: (Alternative) just slap an expotential tax on residential buildings past the first one and see how the market works itself out, not like it can get much worse lol

Housing in the "east" is cheap. However jobs are rare. People living in Dresden usually travel to Thüringen for working.