A great number of the enslaved people trafficked to the English Caribbean were later trafficked to work camps in places like South Carolina. In that State in particular (may be the case elsewhere IDK), the majority of the English Colonists as well as enslaved people came from the West Indies.

By the 19th Century the Atlantic slave trade was outlawed in the US (1808). The British abolished slavery in 1833. Most enslaved people in the US were descendants of enslaved people already there. IDK what the birth rate for enslaved people was, but you can imagine that 100 enslaved people trafficked in 1700 could be over a thousand by the time of the American Civil War. So most of what we think of as the height of US chattel slavery was after the Atlantic Trade was in decline.