meh, i'd say they're obviously buttons from context (why would a calculator app just have a bunch of random unclickable symbols?). but assuming they don't immediately read to you as buttons; md3 calc app only has 8 buttons: AC, (), %, ÷, ×, -, +, & =. ~~the rest is just exactly the same mess of text randomly laid out~~ edit 2023-08-03: i have now looked at this image on a better calibrated monitor. the numbers actually do have background circles (why did no-one pick me up on this). however, this does prove my point about the complete lack of any contrast on anything

having areas is good as it allows the eye to do a sort of binary search: if i want a scientific function i'll look in the white on blue, operators in blue on white, numbers in black on white; then search for the exact button i want. without that, everything's an unorganised mess (for instance why are brackets in the same section as operators?), with some functions hidden in the v button at the top right

also i've just noticed - how do the brackets work in md3? do you have to tap the button once to bring up a menu and then tap the bracket you want? or does it automatically insert one based on whether you're inside a set? if it's the latter, how does one do nested brackets?