• Alt-delete deletes the whole word before cursor
• Alt-d deletes the whole word after cursor
• Ctrl-k deletes (kill) everything after the cursor

Whatever is deleted is stored in the "killring" and can be pasted(yanked) back with Ctrl-y (like someone else already mentioned), consecutive uses of Alt-delete/Alt-d add to the killring.

• Alt-b / Alt-f moves one word backwards / forwards
• Alt-t swaps (translocates) the current word with the previous one
• Ctrl-_ undo last edit operation

All those bindings are the same as in emacs.

Also, normally Ctrl-d inserts the end-of-file character, and typically can be used to close an active shell session or when you have some other interpreter open in the terminal for interactive input.