If it got to the point you were being investigated/prosecuted and you used a computer you didn’t properly dispose of afterwards, yes. They’ll take a forensic image of the system and trawl through it to find any artifacts left by your participation.

If you went and downloaded LOIC manually, you probably didn’t get compromised.

If a suss encoded powershell command loads and executes some dll in memory from the internet, which then runs some dechained process that’s sending the ddos traffic you probably got compromised.

Just like anything, you could make your intentional participation look like a compromise. You could also just buy a laptop with cash on fb marketplace, go to McDonald’s or Starbucks or some shit, get on their public WiFi, then just stash the laptop under a booth or something.

Side note, does anyone know if anyone wound up getting prosecuted for their participation in LOIC campaigns?