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RFC 7493: The I-JSON Message Format
(datatracker.ietf.org)
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Because
number
is a double, and IEEE754 specifies the mantissa of double-precision numbers as 53bits+sign.Meaning, it's the highest integer precision that a double-precision object can express.
It's not about compatibility. It's because JSON only has a
number
type which covers both floating point and integers, andnumber
is implemented as a double-precision value. If you have to express integers with a double-precision type, when you go beyond 53bits you will start to experience loss of precision, which goes completely against the notion of an integer.