Unquestionably Golang if those are the two options. It'll give you a much better base to work with if you are still earlier in your career and is much more applicable to a lot of things.

Elixir is niche, the syntax doesn't share a lot of patterns with other languages, and no one is hiring for it. Also few people know it.

I want to caveat my answer with that I personally really like elixir, and would prefer to work with it myself over golang for some types of problems. Actor patterns are really cool.

I use Scala. Huge fan. Both for work and personal projects. Not wildly popular, so i get asked this by my team. This is what i tell them:

Focus on the patterns, design and theory. Those last longer than the language. What is enabled by language? What is difficult? What does the type system let you prove? How do you utilize the type system? How does the execution of the language work? What is the runtime like?

Language development itself has evolved. There is no longer a huge jump from one language to another because, well, we've figured out a lot of it. Want to learn rust? The patterns and concepts you learn with Scala will still apply. Go? Same, just a different form and you'll probably be asking about monads in short order. :)

If i look at future trends. Real far stuff. Stuff that will only become popukar years from now. Well, some of it exists now in esoteric languages. Those languages wont be useful for jobs, but studying them now preps you for the future.

Elixir is further future than Go. Go, like Java was, is not particularly novel but a very solid implementation of what we currently know.

Jobs? Probably Go.

But really what's most important is learning portable skills, which amounts to learning about different approaches. In that case, I'd say learn both.

There are a lot of interesting ideas in both languages.

(I learned a lot of great ideas from Go, especially about concurrency. I think it's great for writing the kind of frameworks where that matters. But in terms of "normal" business logic programming, I think it's trash. It not ergonomic at all.)

My go-to language for everything is elixir and has been since 2018

rust will soon explode for jobs

1. I use go pretty regularly, because I like it, but it's not what I get paid to use.

2. I'm only about 70% sure that Elixir is a programming language and not a typo or something you made up. (I'm kidding... But only just barely kidding...)

3. If you're concerned with employability, neither language would be in my top 3. (Python, JavaScript, SQL)

Source: I pick up new languages for the lols, and have coded professionally, for money, in about a dozen languages.

More relevant: I hire developers. Some of my team want to write new code in go, but I've instructed them not to, for now. They've never asked about Elixir.