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Puzzle games with procedurally-generated levels?
(lemmy.dbzer0.com)
I would almost consider games like Loop Hero to be puzzles, maybe stuff like 2064 as well, or other match 3 type games like Gems of War (not that that may be the best one you're looking for, but I think that genre loosely fits your criteria)
Are you open to community shared level editors? You might wanna give "babba is you" a try. Loads of level packs are available, also on the console versions.
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