Looks like an SAS expansion board. Those SAS port can be used to run 4 SATA hard drives. Google SAS to SATA for more info.

The model number of the board will allow someone to point you more specific instructions.

Others have done a good job at explaining what this is. Though, a quick tip.

If you’re ever unsure about what a component is, do a quick search for what those chips are. In this case, I see several Asmedia asm1061. In 5 minutes you should know more about that component.

8 Port SATA PCIe Card

That's the great thing about PCIe: could be anything. But until we get a closer look at those two ports at the bottom, there's really no way of telling. They could be SATA ports.

SATA controller allowing you to mount up to 8 SATA drives: https://www.amazon.com/StarTech-com-Port-SATA-PCIe-8P6G-PCIE-SATA-CARD/dp/B09FY9FBTN/ref=asc_df_B09FY9FBTN/?tag=hyprod-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=615968724865&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=6203069971800255404&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=m&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9001888&hvtargid=pla-1436279603686&psc=1&mcid=73e07cd72e043cf484f7017f727aa893&gclid=Cj0KCQiAqsitBhDlARIsAGMR1RjXEvEKUlY2J1IcADVA6nJgUKgk_GMoUTi9mJ_LxVraqDizTRH5vsUaAoLFEALw_wcB