They say twitter shows public voting but I thought Musk just anonymized likes on twitter because it was getting transphobes in trouble?

They basically already are, if you run an instance. Might as well make it easier.

I can't read Chinese, so I'm not sure what good seeing their names would be. A downvote is a downvote.

I vote for public votes. Your comments, history and activity is already public, what can you gain from "hidden" votes as much as privacy?

There's an easy solution. Dump and create new accounts every week or month or whatever fits your needs. Backup and move your data if you want (lemmy's data import doesn't work well with big data though).

Just like changing your password routinely increases your security, new online identity gives you privacy.