Article 4 of the constitution:

The territory of the Republic of China according to its existing national boundaries shall not be altered except by resolution of the National Assembly.

Which means they're not independent of the rest of China. They also claim parts of Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Bhutan, India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Russia, and according to Vietnam parts of Vietnam. Their territorial claims aren't ancient by the way, they were revised in 2002, when they accepted Mongolia's sovereignty.