The طريق الهدا connects Makkah to Taif and is also used to bypass Makkah from the south.

Look it up. I've only driven through it a few times.

There is another طريق السيل الكبير which bypasses Makkah from the north it is flatter but still narrow and bendy and packed with trucks.

The road you posted I bet is somewhere in Najd, the topography looks nothing like the mountains of Hijaz.

There's no rail lines west of Riyadh except a passanger HSR connecting Makkah to Medina. Though gondolas could be an option, maybe...