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Which Desktop / Window Manager is most secure?
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You can achieve the exact same thing with a normal distro if you mount /var and /boot separately of /. And if you get a root exploit it's just as harmful on either approach.
"Immutable" systems are meant for maintainer comfort not for user security.
No, you can't : in an immutable distro I can reasonably trace almost any file in the filesystem back to the package that created it, and know with a reasonable degree of certainty that the installed version of said file has not been tampered with. That isn't possible an a normal distro.
Sure it is, has been for decades. You can use a read-only root partition, there are many tools to ensure the integrity of everything on it, and tracing files back to their package is a very old feature.