"Household income/poverty index" has nothing (directly) to do with this.

Emmm....yes, that's what i said.

You skipped over the WHY is it purely in race?

Protectionism.

Bumi programs were created to address racial inequity.

How many year had we have this quota stuff and how well it address the "inequity"? What sort of "inequity" they're addressing when they only benefit the biggest racial group alongside with indigenous people? From what i see it only serve to worsen the issue.

So, it seems both OP and you don't understand its purpose.

I'm the OP. Tell me the purpose.