Related to liberal philosophy and psychology, I think, the whole "rational actors" perspective of the human being. That we are machines that take some input and spit out an output in reliable and accurate ways. The ones who don't are ignored as part of humanity to maintain the definition.

Another way to look at education is that it is a factory line to output workers to exploit for labor. The defects are discarded, and the ones who make it out are the ones who somehow take any input and reliably accurate and exploitable output (labor)

Which is why graduates of most fields have no experience and function on cultivated instincts like memorization. Only when a worker works with their actual hands, so to speak, do they learn real knowledge of their labor. This is how education used to be, an apprenticeship sort of model, which you still see in certain trades and fields like the medical field.