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Google tries to defend its Web Environment Integrity
(techreport.com)
This is a most excellent place for technology news and articles.
This has nothing to do with being rooted but with Google encouraging people to build apps using its proprietary libraries to make Google Android more valuable than Android Open Source Project. There may be a connection to the EU's attempts to stop Google from forcibly bundling several of its other apps with the Play Store.
For most use cases, good alternatives are available and it's just a matter of developers being lazy, but I'm not sure there's another good option for chat apps to get timely notifications without high battery consumption. MicroG provides an open source alternative to Google's libraries and works for most apps, including chat notifications.
It's a bit worse than just Google libraries, apps can use Play Integrity which uses hardware attestation to validate it's bootloader lock status and that it's running a vendor signed and Google approved ROM.
Current bypasses emulate older devices without the necessary hardware, but those will eventually stop working and there won't be bypasses unless someone leaks some master keys or finds TPM exploits to trick it into signing the integrity request. It's very bad.
Yes, but they're two separate issues. Many apps that don't care whether you have root or a third-party Android build use Google's libraries.
Patching apps is another workaround. It won't beat server-side checks, but I think those are still fairly rare. ReVanced makes it easy to do, though I'm not sure there are patches related to SafetyNet yet.