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this post was submitted on 23 May 2024
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I think that this kind of tech is just fundamentally insecure. I can't think of a way to secure it, at least not against gaining entry to the vehicle. And making it secure against driving away (by requiring it to continue to respond to changing cryptographic pings as you drive) opens the door to people being able to use jammers to disable your vehicle remotely. Maybe if they have a special Faraday cage place that you put your fob into, but at that point why not just use a key? Or just require a button press like the key fobs have for decades.
Oh and depending on the latency allowances for responding to pings, it might just be possible to leave a device in the vicinity of the key and relay it over the internet, so even that just increases the difficulty of defeating it a bit.
Same thing also applies to wireless keycards for secure entry, though I think the range for those is generally lower, so it would be more difficult to pull off.
The only thing I can think of is having incredibly tight timing on a challenge/response. With ~10 nanosecond level precision, it's not physically possible for em waves to travel more a few meters before the time is up.
How about a simple faraday shield for the key fob?
Might as well have a push button instead. Having it work from your pocket without interaction is what makes a fob different and should be a design requirement.
How about making the signal so weak that you have to put the key inside a hole in the car for it to work?
They have "pin to drive" so you can't drive even if you've gained access to the vehicle, without entering the pin-code first.
How about just having a button on a fob/phone which initiates comms, like in the good old days. You can't relay the signal if there isn't one till you press the button. But that isn't sexy and it's too similar to traditional cars, so they won't do it.