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The First Nuclear Clock Will Test if Fundamental Constants Change
(www.quantamagazine.org)
This is a most excellent place for technology news and articles.
It won't affect much except bleeding edge theoretical physics. Much the way we don't need relativity to make airplanes fly (but round-earth gravity models help for long distance flights).
Physical laws are mathematical models that reflect natural forces and predict outcomes (accurately that we can fling cans of passengers across the world safely). It wouldn't be the first time we discovered that some previously constant forces are actually variable (much the way the force of gravity is affected by distance, noticeable only when you lob something high enough.) We shrug and change the variables, and some physicists near retirement may balk and say it's ridiculous, as Einstein did regarding Heisenberg's probability-based quantum mechanics.
More specifically to your example, we discovered that gravity isn't a force at all- it's a literal curvature of space-time caused by objects with mass, which is why its effects aren't constant.
Yes, but that model is late in the gravity game. We were toying with the two bodies experiment before heliocentrism, let alone higher-dimension curvature of space.