Yes, phages are the natural "antibiotic"/population control for bacteria. https://humanmicrobiome.info/#bacteriophages-phages

Antibiotics can make phages go extinct. https://humanmicrobiome.info/antibiotics/#virome

Phages were being researched as an alternative to antibiotics, but antibiotics seemed easier and cheaper, so they grew in popularity and use. Unfortunately, antibiotics come with pretty severe collateral damage.