people are only going to change their behaviour once the consequences hit them

Or if there's a proper incentive to change. We're seeing that incentive today with solar becoming cheaper than other energy sources, so it's getting a lot of adoption. We do incentivize those, but they're honestly about at the point where we don't need subsidies to get people to switch, and the subsidies merely accelerate adoption.

I'm a perennial optimist, and I'm confident we'll continue to innovate our way out of problems. We'll be late like we always are, but we'll also innovate ways to "catch up." Maybe we'll mess w/ geoengineering in the arctic (we're already experimenting w/ cloud seeding and thickening glaciers), or maybe we'll come up with other options in the future. I honestly don't know, but what I do know is that once we're convinced there is a problem, we do a pretty good job of solving that problem. Look at COVID vaccine development, lead poisoning, or recovery of endangered species.

We're usually late, but we are also pretty good at engineering our way out of problems. Solutions probably end up costing more than they would with prevention, but I'm confident we will come up with solutions, it just might take a bit of... encouragement from mother nature.