Not really. Basically, the Bluetooth standard defines the communication protocol and little else. The device name, etc, will depend upon the device's implementation. The manufacturer may use an off-the-shelf Bluetooth module or develop their own and there is no prescriptive standard for how they must be programmed.

Some devices may be super easy to configure with an app or software intended to configure them. Others might require cutting traces on a PCB to isolate the Bluetooth module from the serial bus controller to overwrite its ROM before repairing it. Others might have a simple programming interface that one can either solder headers to or plug into with the right connector. And there are a huge number of other possibilities.

Basically, the closest thing to a universal programmer would be something like a Bus Pirate, not a piece of software.

If it's anything like the USB protocol (which I've been working with recently) the names are probably baked into the binary. You're likely out of luck unless you can somehow flash modified firmware.

Perhaps there's a way to give devices an alias on your machine?