Your local hardware store may rent you an SDS drill for the day if you don't need one day to day

Another option is to mount a junction box (like this) outside. Just run the ethernet cable through the wall, instead of the camera's pigtail. This is a more future-proof method as you can change cameras without disrurbing the sealed wall penetration.

For a similar project, I got this doofy hole saw set from Harbor Freight:

https://www.harborfreight.com/1-14-in-3-14-in-carbide-grit-hole-saw-assorted-set-9-piece-57708.html

I was able to knock a hole large enough to shove a piece of 1-1/2" PVC conduit through a foundation wall without much trouble, using a regular (non-hammer) drill. It took about five minutes, no sweat. Although obviously I had to come at it from both sides. I later did the same to put a length of flexible conduit through to power my mini-split outdoor unit.

If I were you I'd use the smallest saw in that and then use one of these conduit junction dinguses on the outside to house the plugs and ensure they remain dry -- and enable you to access them if you ever need to fuck with it later.

Not sure which model this is, if it is the poe version, you only need to connect the ethernet cable, it will also power the camera.

Your library may have a borrowable SDS drill.

_ /\ _

There's a very easy way to detach the cable, it's called scissors. If it needs to be weather shielded on either side, some heatshrink flextube will get the job done.