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Weapon descriptions on the website source code:

Great Sword

A weighty weapon with slower movement and attacks, but each blow packs a powerful punch.

Suitable for hit-and-run tactics or even guarding, the Great Sword is highly adaptable.

Long Sword

A weapon that excels at swift movements and combos.

With a sharp eye and good timing, you can counter incoming attacks.

Landing certain attacks will raise the level of the Spirit Gauge.

Once the Spirit Gauge turns red, some of your attacks will be strengthened.

Sword & Shield

A weapon that boasts maneuverability and rapid attacks.

You can use the shield both to guard and to attack.

You can even use some items while your weapon is drawn.

Dual Blades

A weapon designed for rapid attacks.

Enter Demon Mode to boost the damage of your attacks.

Archdemon Mode will further boost the damage of some attacks.

Hammer

A blunt weapon with destructive power and good mobility.

Charge your attacks to make them more powerful.

You can even stun monsters by landing multiple hits to their head.

Hunting Horn

A blunt weapon that can perform melodies that give you buffs.

Place Echo Bubbles to grant special effects in an area.

Melody effects also benefit your allies.

Lance

The lance is a weapon with top-class defense.

Its thrusting attacks are quick and safe to execute.

Make good use of its variety of guard-related moves and counters.

Gunlance

A weapon with a long reach and the ability to fire explosive shells.

Use sidesteps to make small positioning adjustments.

Guard against even the most powerful of attacks. Utilize a variety of powerful shell-based attacks.

Switch Axe

A multifaceted weapon that can morph between two different modes.

Axe Mode excels at long-reach attacks.

Sword Mode lets you unleash faster attacks.

Charge Blade

A versatile weapon that can morph between two different modes.

Sword Mode allows you to maneuver yourself quickly and accurately.

Dish out massive damage with Axe Mode.

Charge phials while in Sword Mode to power up Axe Mode.

Charged phials can power up different aspects of the weapon.

Insect Glaive

A mobile weapon you use while controlling a creature known as a Kinsect.

Gain powerful buffs by harvesting extracts from monsters.

Vault into the air to perform jumping attacks at will.

Light Bowgun

A mid-range weapon that can fire various ammo types.

Highly mobile and great at quick attacks and dodges.

Use Rapid Fire energy to fire in quick succession. Energy regenerates over time and when you successfully land hits.

Heavy Bowgun

A long-range weapon that fires ammo from a distance.

On top of the Auto-Guard function, you can also guard incoming attacks manually.

Expend energy in Ignition Mode to fire special ammo. Energy regenerates over time and when you successfully land hits.

Bow

A mid-range weapon that uses a variety of arrow-based attacks.

Charge your arrows to increase their damage. The bow also boasts high mobility.

Hitting a monster with a Tracer will cause arrows to home in on it. Tracers will explode after being dealt enough damage or after enough time passes.