Short answer: you can decompose your weeds in water without oxygen and retain non-oxidized phytonutrient forms to feed your plot. Put a lid on the bucket (it's stinky) and wait 3 or more weeks before distributing with water at 10 - 50:1 ratios.

Longer answer: in an oxygen rich environment, the nutrients held by the garden waste and weeds are acted upon by a certain set of decomposition organisms, resulting in oxidized forms of those nutrients, their base elements, or a compound resulting from those biological processes. Without that available oxygen, different organisms and processes take over and result in different forms of those nutrients. There is some oxidation occurring when you mix it for dilution or expose it to the air, but enough of that form of nutrient will become available to your plants and the subsoil community they support.

Why does that matter?

Soils are living entities teeming with absolute scads of life forms, and are in a state of constant change through processes like gas exchange, hydration, and the fluctuations of chemical signals from the plants and microbiology in the vicinity. When we fertilize, it's in our interests to feed as many forms of our nutrients to our plants as we can responsibly manage, since that variety of nutrition will benefit the subsoil communities that are the engine of the soils we're cultivating.

During periods of wet soils - whether due to a continued rain event or one big deluge that won't drain away - there are functional anaerobes that will continue working to provide gas exchange and nutrient harvesting for our plants, since the aerobic microorganisms are either dormant or dying. Even when these events aren't catastrophic, our plants can suffer from a lack of these services. It's possible to inoculate your soil with some of these organisms by incorporating anaerobic liquid fertilizers you've made yourself from the weeds you're pulling.

Since those weeds are often doing the work of sequestering scarce nutrients by drawing them from subsoils or by using overabundant ones to advance the succession of the plants, we can use their hard work (and sacrifice) to replenish those nutrients they're accumulating to the benefit of other plants we're intentionally growing. This is a hyper-localized fertilization method for the exact patch you're growing in, as dictated by what the soil is expressing from its latent seed bank.

Yes! The "check out" procedure is writing down what you took and promising to do your best to bring seeds back when you harvest so others can grow them too. Our library repurposed one of the old card catalogue drawer sections to organize the seeds. The whole thing is relatively small, and is on a mobile wheelchair accessible table. It's totally worth seeing if your nearby library would host it. Our local grocery store even donated packets this year.

@nettle @LallyLuckFarm be the change you wish to see in the world

I think I can safely speak for folks here and say that we would love to see some pictures of your next collection trip!