14
Modern heads equivalent
(heads.dyne.org)
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Linux is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991 by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged in a Linux distribution (or distro for short).
Distributions include the Linux kernel and supporting system software and libraries, many of which are provided by the GNU Project. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses the name GNU/Linux to emphasize the importance of GNU software, causing some controversy.
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I have experience doing exactly that with Bazzite, Aurora and Bluefin. Booting from a USB, it works perfectly out of the box. If you want to switch between any of these distros, with one command you can rebase (switch) to another distro without losing any data. Except when you switch between different desktop environments (Bluefin is GNOME based). This is how I use Linux on my work laptop, on a daily basis. I settled on Aurora on an M2 caddy.
To install it to a USB drive, you'll need two USB drives, one to boot to the installer, the other one is the target for the installation.
If you are more security minded, there's also https://secureblue.dev/ but I haven't tried it to be able to recommend it though.
The home dir on all these distros has persistance enabled.