Self-worth can be a result of societal expectations.

Sure true, but you can't ignore that humans have millions of years of evolution that have honed our physiological and social behavior to act a certain way. Just because it's not rational doesn't mean you can flip a switch and shrug it off.

For example, peer pressure in teens is more than a normal learned behavior. The need to conform to an in-group that (historically) will be your lifelong community is immense. The pain of exclusion and embarrassment is amplified, closer to actual physical pain, compared to what an adult/child might feel in the same situation.

The only reason a person would feel bad is because ~~society is pushing the narrative~~

...is because reproduction is a core part of animal evolution. An asexual person saying that core discomfort is invalid is like a person who can't feel physical pain rolling their eyes at touching a hot stove.