I think that this video gave me the best insight into how China works nowadays, and I suspect things weren't entirely dissimilar in the past: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1TeeIG6Uaw I also looked into things like https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Congress_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party after starting from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China and it seems that things are pretty complicated. For example: Due to the temporary nature of the plenary sessions, most of NPC's power is delegated to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC), which consists of about 170 legislators and meets in continuous bi-monthly sessions, when its parent NPC is not in session.