I've been going through the Columbo catalog. Yes, Columbo is really cool, as police shows go. Also I was watching a bit of Red Dragon.
One common narrative is that some cops are special, and have this really precise intuition, which someone magically cuts through all the many details of the case and exactly hones in on the correct perpetrator, which is never without fail. I love Columbo, but FUCKKKK he's so guilty of this. From minute ten of the episode, he's knows who is the murderer and he's just examining all the inconsistencies of the story until the murderer just confesses and goes to a life in prison without a fight. In Red Dragon, ~~Ben~~ Ed Norton's character can just look at the crime scene photos and then the crime plays in his brain like a movie. I might be exaggerating slightly as I was bored of that film. Think Odo, who just knows when something illegal is going to go down.
I feel like many cop movies have this "special police intuition" trope going on.
It does upset me. If one's ever gone dealt with the legal system in any way, cops are wrong AF. I think we've all experienced it when a cop makes a snap (lazy) judgement, follows through with their hunch out of sheer laziness and hubris, the cop builds a lazy ass case out of vibes, and then the innocent victim spends an inordinate amount of time and money trying to prove their innocence, if they're even able to secure their innocence. Often many are stuck with the results of a 5 second cop hunch for the rest of their lives. Prosecutors and courts generally take the cops' findings at their word.
In another venue, we've all tried fighting snap judgements is from admin on Twitter and 
. AFAIK, I've never seen an admin apologise or return a ban.
I feel like some podcast like Citations Needed or whatever covered this, but no amount of Googling led me to where this idea came from.
It's a ripoff of Sherlock Holmes, who was the original "detective who solves crimes through pure logic and intuition." It's been copied, rehashed, and parodied so many times it has become the baseline for all crime solving media.
It's similar to guns, where old westerns would have a crackshot gunslinger hero who could hit a dime at 100 yards with a pistol. Then villains started to be badasses who could also hit far away targets with incredible precision. But now everyone is this way, so later storytellers just assume it's how guns work, meaning you have beat cops shooting guns out of people's hands without anyone getting hurt.
Detective media fell down the same path with Sherlock Holmes' intuition. It's what makes the original character special. But then we need villains who can match that intellect. But then normal people are put on par with the villains, so now everyone is just like that and writers assume that's how cops work. It's "My dad can beat up your dad!" Goku vs. Superman powerlevel wank carried out through generations.
But wasn't Sherlock Holmes less of a "cop's intuition" kind of detective and way more pure robotic logic? "If you eliminate the impossible, whatever remains, no matter how improbable, is the truth". He was the kind to collect evidence and then see what that leads to without preconceptions, beyond what he can hear and observe.
On the other hand, what OP is talking about are cops and detectives that have a feeling they know how is guilty due to instinct, experience, their gut, whatever you want to call it, and then do their best to track down evidence that proves that person is it. Columbo does this by picking up guilty vibes sometimes, I think they've done this in Brooklyn 99 where they have to prove someone did a crime and the tough part is proving it. This does happen in real life occasionally (I just read the book Killers of the Flower Moon, for example) but it also leads to cops relentlessly chasing the innocent too because the person has guilty vibes (i.e. They're black or poor).
I think what you're saying just means the Enlightenment values of Sherlock Holmes have been bastardized and vulgarized because thinking about deduction is too hard for the people who write procedurals now.