It went like this:

• people ate passenger pigeons, so people shot every last one and they went extinct
• people ate goose and used their down, so people were working on killing every last one
• before every last goose was cooked, laws were made to stop people from keeping 'farm' geese as decoys and only allowing shooting with limits during fall migration (when the offspring were mature -- no egg harvesting, either).
• people in the U.S. did not see any geese from fall until spring
• those farm geese? they didn't migrate but were no longer allowed on farms
• there are several versions of what happened next, but somehow someone decided we should have non-migratory/farm/resident geese in various places ... with no predators and without changing the old laws

Result: source page: https://www.allaboutbirds.org/news/canada-goose-resident-vs-migratory/

See also: https://wildgoosechasers.com/resident-vs-migratory-canada-geese/