It probably depends on the specifics of the HOA. The article says the bill protects the right to garden on one's own property. Technically, my condo's porch belongs to the HOA and is reserved for my private use. So, I don't think this bill would override my condo's rule forbidding vegetable gardening on the porch.

(Note: I do not live in Illinois anyway. And the reasoning for the rule is "we don't want bears raiding porch gardens")