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I don't see a clear indication that you have too low RAM... RAM should be "used" fully at all times and your "cached" RAM value suggest you still have quite a bunch of RAM that could potentially be consumed by applications when they need it.
I cannot clearly see a swap usage in the graphs - that would be an interesting value to judge the overall stability of the system with regards to fluctuating RAM usage.
However, once you notice the problem again, right after you manage to log in, run a "dmesg -T | grep -i oom" and see if any processes get killed due to temporarily spiking RAM consumption. If you're lucky that command might lend some insight even now still.
Also, what if you run a "top" command for a while, what's the value for "wa" in the second line like? "wa" stands for I/O wait and if that value is anything above 5 it might indicate that your CPU is being bottlenecked by for instance hard disk speed.
Before it was rebooted the "cached" value (blue) was very small and decreasing. It goes back to normal after a reboot. I think tmpfs is included in "cached" as well, so it may be effectively zero.
You're right - I missed that detail. From the graphs alone it looks as if a process ate up all still free to claim (cached) memory, then the system stalled possibly thrashing until OOM kill intervened - as indicated by large chunks of RAM being freed. Allocated RAM in red lowering and cached RAM in blue rising again.