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Explanation: Random walk in 2D has a unity probability of making it back to the starting point as the number of steps approach infinity but random walk in 3D only has ~0.34.

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[-] zkfcfbzr@lemmy.world 21 points 1 year ago

Expanding on what OP is talking about:

In this context, a random walk happens on a 2D coordinate plane. Your drunk person starts at the origin, (0, 0), and for a "random walk" they move either left, right, up, or down by exactly 1 unit each step. It's a mathematical fact that this process, taken to its limit where infinitely many random steps are taken, will always have the drunk return to the origin - in fact, for any given integer coordinate on the plane there's a 100% chance the drunk will eventually visit that coordinate following a random walk.

This doesn't work in 3D though, where there's an x, y, and z axis. A random walk there won't always return to the origin - it only will about 34% of the time. If the drunk gets too far away the probability of ever finding their way back at random quickly drops to 0.

[-] o_oli@lemmy.world 12 points 1 year ago

So if we ignore that birds can't fly infinitely high, and also that they don't live in the air they live on a surface, in essentially a 2D area the same as humans, maybe this is interesting? But not really lol.

[-] zkfcfbzr@lemmy.world 5 points 1 year ago

If you limit the extent of the third dimension to any finite value then my intuition says the probability is probably back to 100% but I don't know for certain.

[-] M1st3rM@discuss.tchncs.de 4 points 1 year ago

That doesn't make sense to me. Sure, the probability in 3D is gonna get really low. Never 0 though since there is a chance the previously taken steps will be done in reverse. And since we talk about infinity here .. the drunk bird should also find home.

[-] zkfcfbzr@lemmy.world 8 points 1 year ago* (last edited 1 year ago)

I was maybe a bit sloppy when I said it "quickly drops to 0" instead of it "quickly tends to 0". It'll of course always be positive - in fact if N is the sum of the absolute value of the three coordinates of its current position, the probability of returning to the origin is strictly greater than 1/6ᴺ.

But it does tend to 0 in such a way that the probability of its random walk ever returning to the starting position is not 100%. It has a 34% chance of ever getting back at the very start of its journey - but if it gets too far off track that probability is going to tend to 0 fast enough that it's not likely to ever make it back, even with infinitely many steps. Here's a youtube video (that I did not watch myself) that seems to go over the topic.

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this post was submitted on 05 Aug 2023
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