The image is from GSM Arena. The phone Infinix has only 45W charge capability yet it does slightly faster than two other phones with much faster charging rates(and same battery capacity).
I know some phones throttle charging speeds but that is usually post 80% threshold. Why the discrepancy then?
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I wonder how phone size, battery placement, and materials play into this.
Being able to dissipate more heat while charging will help significantly too.
I've had a phone with a ceramic back that would die in minutes in cold weather if I didn't keep it in my internal coat pocket. It charged much faster than another phone that had a plastic back with a similar battery size and charging capability, even using "slow" charging (using a lower power charger). I can only assume the heat dissipation made a difference as the ceramic one never got even very warm while the plastic one did.
So maybe a combination of everything mentioned here - charge control in the phone, how the controller manages cells, location of battery in phone/heat dissipation, power optimizing while charging (do all of these phones support pass-through? That would influence charge time), etc.