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xkcd #3106: Farads (imgs.xkcd.com)
submitted 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago) by xkcdbot@lemmy.world to c/xkcd@lemmy.world

xkcd #3106: Farads

Title text:

'This HAZMAT container contains radioactive material with activity of one becquerel.' 'So, like, a single banana slice?'

Transcript:

[Cueball holds a stick while talking with Megan and White Hat.]
Cueball: This stick is one meter long.
Megan: Cool.
White Hat: That's a nice stick.

[Cueball holds a smallish rock.]
Cueball: This rock weighs one pound.
Megan: I'd believe it.
White Hat: Looks like a normal rock.

[Cueball holds a small battery.]
Cueball: This battery is one volt.
Megan: Seems fine.
White Hat: Might need a recharge.

[Cueball holds a capacitor while Megan and White Hat panic.]
Cueball: This capacitor is one farad.
Megan: Aaaaa! Be careful!!
White Hat: Put it down!!

Source: https://xkcd.com/3106/

explainxkcd for #3106

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[-] ryannathans@aussie.zone 93 points 1 week ago

Haha that's a good one

Capacitors are usually in the realm of pico to micro farads

A one farad capacitor charged to a respectable voltage would feel like a doomsday device in your hand

[-] HakFoo@lemmy.sdf.org 21 points 1 week ago

You see low voltage ones for things like memory backup on hi-fi gear. I have some 3F/5v capacitors in an old Technics tiner.

[-] SalamenceFury@lemmy.world 10 points 1 week ago

Wait so this is like one mistake away from turning that stickman into a fried stickman?

[-] ricecake@sh.itjust.works 20 points 1 week ago

Depends on the voltage it's charged with, but household current would give it more energy than a shotgun has.

Realistically one would not do that unless you were dealing with something industrial. You would use them otherwise for things like dampening lower voltage systems that need a lot of current.

Closer to the danger level of someone holding two exposed wires plugged into the wall.

[-] bizarroland@fedia.io 5 points 1 week ago

Household current pumped through a full bridge rectifier, that is.

Capacitors don't seem to do very much with AC Other than attenuate it a bit

[-] EpicFailGuy@lemmy.world 5 points 1 week ago

Read in electroboom's voice: FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!!!!

[-] kaidezee@lemmy.ml 2 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

Actually, they act like a short circuit to high-frequency AC, so it is more like "blow up" (in general case).

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[-] AI_toothbrush@lemmy.zip 2 points 1 week ago

Well by attenuate it a bit you mean they pretty much filter ac out if you have the right capacitance and resistance values as capacitors act like low pass filters.

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[-] ricecake@sh.itjust.works 2 points 1 week ago

Technically correct. The best kind of correct. :)

I basically solved for shotgun, confirmed in was in the ~100V range and disregarded every other consideration for actually doing it.
I'm pretty sure most hand sized capacitors would just pop if you actually tried to put that much in them.

[-] ByteJunk@lemmy.world 2 points 1 week ago

AC units have beefy capacitors, right? Do you know in what range, for comparison?

[-] SomeoneSomewhere@lemmy.nz 2 points 1 week ago

Still tens to maybe low hundreds of microfarads.

[-] ByteJunk@lemmy.world 3 points 1 week ago

Oh. I thought it would be more impressive, but that's still orders of magnitude away. Thanks!

[-] bizarroland@fedia.io 2 points 1 week ago

And when they are used for air-conditioning units, they are typically boost capacitors, which means they store up a nice amount of juice for when the compressor powers on and needs a sudden rush of energy, but that's only a very small amount, like you couldn't crank a car with the amount of energy in these capacitors.

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[-] kaidezee@lemmy.ml 4 points 1 week ago

That is why I like supercapacitors.

[-] DarkCloud@lemmy.world 3 points 1 week ago

Operation Sundial 2.0, electric boogaloo.

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[-] ch00f@lemmy.world 35 points 1 week ago

I used to teach AP physics to kids on the weekends. One asked me why Farads were so big. I had to explain that there’s a fixed ratio between Farads, Volts, and Joules. One of them had to be crazy big or crazy small.

See also Coulombs.

Caps are especially scary because they can develop their own charge through static electricity, so large value caps are often shipped with their terminals tied together.

[-] ViatorOmnium@piefed.social 20 points 1 week ago

There's nothing in the SI system that says ratios have to be between base units. Units that involve mass are defined against the kilogram not the gram.

[-] bizarroland@fedia.io 11 points 1 week ago

The kilogram is just a thousand grams, so if they're tied together, they would still be tied together.

[-] bisby@lemmy.world 18 points 1 week ago

Right. 1F = 1C/1V .. they could have just as easily said 1kF = 1C/1V. Many things use kg instead of g. You can tie together things other than the unscaled base units. Then they are still tied together but 1F is a more reasonable amount.

[-] Scipitie@lemmy.dbzer0.com 3 points 1 week ago

You sent me down a freaking rabbit hole, thanks! :)

From what I found is that there is the simple reason that the weird ones are distance, time and weight - the rest I looked into are based on formal non-normalized definitions (including lumen, which surprised me).

My guess is that in depends on where the unit comes from: science or day to day use.

I learned about the Siemens, the Weber and the Gray on the way.

Thanks again!

[-] ViatorOmnium@piefed.social 4 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

They were all done by scientists or engineers.

The meter was defined based on what they calculated as 1 millionth of the length of Paris' meridian.

The second was 1/86400 of a day, which makes sense with the angle/circle nomenclature on the clock.

The gram was initially set to be the mass of 1cm³ of water at 4°C - which is why 1l of water ≈ 1kg.

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[-] _Cid_@lemmy.world 29 points 1 week ago

"This magnet has one tesla"

[-] Treczoks@lemmy.world 7 points 1 week ago

That stucks ;-)

[-] kaidezee@lemmy.ml 4 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

It is not that much though. You could easily make an electromagnet with magnetic flux density of multiple tesla in it's core.

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[-] Treczoks@lemmy.world 22 points 1 week ago

Only criticism is the use of non-metric weight units when everything else is SI-based.

The joke wouldn't have worked as well.

A gram is actually a pretty small unit of weight, and the joke relies on the base units. It's actually a weird little abberation in the metric system that the "base" unit is considered the kilo gram. so a 1 gram rock would be a little pebble, strangely small.

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[-] freijon@lemmings.world 16 points 1 week ago

This capacitor will cost around one Bitcoin

[-] sxan@midwest.social 2 points 1 week ago

We use it to ignite the tokamak.

[-] Deebster@infosec.pub 15 points 1 week ago

Ah, Randall is alive! I kept thinking my bot had broken as it's so rare for him to miss an upload.

[-] Hamartiogonic@sopuli.xyz 12 points 1 week ago

But why pick one pound? The are so many fun units to choose from, only some of which are conveniently sized. How about a stick 1 mile long, or a rock that weights 1 grain?

[-] Simplicity@lemmy.world 21 points 1 week ago

A rock that weighs one stone (14 lbs).

[-] modeler@lemmy.world 7 points 1 week ago

Or a barleycorn that's one barleycorn long? Or a really large foot that's a foot long. Or a chain that's a chain long?

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[-] bizarroland@fedia.io 2 points 1 week ago

I bet it's kind of going off of the original SI representation where, like, a foot was the length of the king's foot, and that was what they had to measure against to make sure everything was accurate.

[-] LodeMike@lemmy.today 12 points 1 week ago

However, 1 farad is really goddamn big.

Lol, explainXKCD

[-] SteveTech@programming.dev 6 points 1 week ago

Guys you're not gonna believe this:

50F Super capacitor

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[-] magnetosphere@fedia.io 5 points 1 week ago

I’d be the clueless guy in the room. “I’m not familiar with that unit of measurement.”

[-] pelya@lemmy.world 6 points 1 week ago

A capacitor of 1 farad at standard American 120 volts has the energy between 7.62×54 and .50 BMG, and will discharge just as violently.

[-] spizzat2@lemmy.zip 10 points 1 week ago* (last edited 1 week ago)

Great. Now I get to be the "I’m not familiar with that unit of measurement." guy.

7.62x54

3,291 J (2,427 ft⋅lbf) to 3,400 J (2,508 ft⋅lbf)

.50 BMG

The .50 BMG round can produce between 10,000 and 15,000 foot-pounds force (14,000 and 20,000 J), depending on its powder and bullet type, as well as the weapon it is fired from

[-] Quazatron@lemmy.world 13 points 1 week ago

foot-pounds

Oh, you Americans and your silly made-up units.

[-] Ragnor@feddit.dk 4 points 1 week ago

All units are made up.

I totally agree that imperial units are silly, though. Base 10 is the way things should be.

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[-] udon@lemmy.world 3 points 1 week ago
[-] Zoomboingding@lemmy.world 3 points 1 week ago

Their names are Cueball, Megan, and White Hat?

It is my understanding that XKCD's "characters" are somewhere between an actual character and an archetype. It isn't clear...and kind of doesn't matter, if Black Hat is the same guy in every comic or if he's a different devious schemer in each. Randall hasn't bothered to name any of them so the community has given them unofficial nicknames.

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this post was submitted on 25 Jun 2025
275 points (98.2% liked)

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