Risk of Food Crisis Due to Drought in Madhes, Nepal, Only about 51% of the planned rice cultivation

Summary: Current Situation:

• Only about 51% of the planned rice cultivation (ropai) has been completed in Madhes province due to insufficient rainfall.
• The planting season should be ending but significant areas remain unplanted.

Key Statistics:

• Out of 372,000 hectares meant for rice cultivation, only 192,000 hectares have been planted.

• District-wise planting percentages: - Sarlahi: 56%

• Mahottari: 35%

• Siraha: 38%

• Dhanusha: 35%

• Saptari: 37%

• Baraa and Parsa districts have better progress with 80% and 81% planting, respectively.

Problems Identified:

• Lack of irrigation facilities; farmers depend on rainwater.
• Even in planted fields, rice seedlings are drying up due to inadequate water.
• Poor maintenance of canals and limited operation of boreholes and tubewells due to power supply issues.
• Late planting and water scarcity likely to cause a significant drop in rice production.

Implications:

• Last year (FY 2081/82), Madhes produced about 1.5 million metric tons of rice. This year, production is expected to fall substantially.
• Food crisis risk is rising, specially among small and marginalized farmers.
• Agricultural officials warn that the shortage could lead to food scarcity in the Terai region.

Government Response:

• Madhes has been declared a drought-affected area.
• A government team led by Irrigation Ministry officials has conducted on-site assessments and is preparing recommendations.
• Prime Minister announced installation of 500 boreholes to mitigate water shortage.
• Authorities aim to provide irrigation within the next 15-20 days but face challenges due to power and infrastructure limitations.

Recommendations:

• Consider alternative crops if irrigation and rain do not improve by mid-August.
• Improve electric supply for better operation of boreholes and tubewells.
• Focus on maintenance of existing irrigation infrastructure.

Additional Impact:

• Besides irrigation, potable water scarcity is worsening as rivers, wells, and hand pumps dry up.

This situation poses a significant threat to food security in Madhes due to ongoing drought and insufficient irrigation infrastructure. Immediate government action and alternative farming strategies are necessary to mitigate the crisis.

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