The majority of the population support the SMO, and even Putin is trying to appeal to soviet nostalgia in order to retain support. It's a situation where people are unhappy with capitalism, long for socialism, but at the same time support their country in the Russo-Ukrainian War and support ties to socialist countries like Cuba, the PRC, and DPRK. There is opposition to Putin, of course, but it's more of a case where the nationalists are critically supported and the nationalists have to appeal to the Russian left somewhat in order to not collapse. It's an interesting dillema!

You can find the answer to your question on this graph in dynamics over 15 years, which reflects survey by the same Levada Center with question "Which political system do you prefer?"

Red stands for Soviet one, orange is "current one", blue is Western democracy, black is no responce and gray is hard to say.

https://www.levada.ru/cp/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/5F94x-.png