Japan had a lot more wood-only city buildings back then compared to the colder climate in Europe, where more massive stone architecture was common. In Europe, cellars are also common/default, unlike in Japan.

During high heat firestorms, most of the wooden material burns up and the ash gets carried away. The photo definitely shows cleanup and very likely was not taken the day after the bombing, but a single firestorm definitely can produce these results, much like other examples in Cologne, Hamburg, Dresden, Würzburg,... Except those had much more stone rubble standing afterwards.

English: Osaka City Air Raid after the bombing which occurred on March 13, 1945. On March 13, 1945, for about three and a half hours, indiscriminate bombing of residential areas in Osaka Prefecture was carried out by the US military. A total of 1,733 tons of incendiary bombs were dropped from 274 B-29s, burning down the city center, resulting in 3,987 dead and 678 missing. You can see Nankai Namba Station on the far left, Matsuzakaya Osaka store (now Takashimaya Higashi Annex) in front on the right, and Osaka Kabukiza in the center.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Osaka_after_the_1945_air_raid.JPG

Basically any larger German city was turned into rubbles. The website trolley-mission.de (! The different language versions don't show identical content !), named after the documentary mission of the USAF, shows interesting photographies of the aftermath, here some pictures of Cologne.

They fire bombed at night. Picture in the day. Lots of wood structures burned fast. Couldn't bomb during the day because AA forced the planes too high for accurate drops.