You seem to have a misunderstanding of what it means to have a gifted brain. And it's this kind of misunderstanding that is at the heart of the the complaints you will see from those told they were gifted.
Your money analogy is flawed. It's more like you are a kid and take a test and are told you fully understand and can predict economics. But this is only helpful for those born with money or have the social connections to make use of the knowledge. That's only a potential gift, and at least half of those kids will never get to use it.
It was not a kind thing for parents, teachers, and society to expect people with gifted brains to automatically do well in the world. Charisma and social skills are often better indicators of success, but these skills aren't guaranteed in people with gifted brains. If you're told you'll be very successful, but that's not actually how the world works, then at some point you will feel lied to or it's your fault you're a failure.
The term "gifted" is a terrible name for this form of neurodivergence. I like to call it "cousin of autism" but it really is overdue for a new name. Having a gifted brain means you have stronger emotional responses that are often misunderstood by neurotypical brains. And those responses can take much longer to process than typical emotional responses. Gifted brains can often show traits similar to autistic and/or OCD brains, and often have ADHD and/or dyslexia. These traits require coping strategies that neurotypical brains don't have to do.
Coming back to praise: Praising any kid for being smart has very negative side effects that teachers and the science of pedagogy figured out too late for many, and it is still not known by too many parents. The wrong kind of praise harms self-esteem and affects whether you're intrinsically motivated or extrinsically motivated (which affects future success and happiness).
Read on if you want to understand the problem with praising intelligence.
In a series of studies of both kindergarten-age students and 5th graders, children were given a non-verbal IQ test that consisted of ten moderately challenging but doable problems.
Most of the children performed well on the first ten problems. One third were given intelligence praise. They were told, âWow, you got eight right; thatâs a really good score. You must be smart at this!â Another third were given effort praise: âWow, you got eight right; thatâs a really good score. You must have tried really hard!â The control group was given results praise and told, âWow, thatâs a really good score.â And sure enough, when intelligence alone was praised, it put students in a fixed mindset.
The students were then asked, âWhat do you want to work on now? I have some easier things here that you could work on, or I have some challenging problems. Theyâre hard, and youâll make mistakes, but youâll learn some important things.â Most of the students who were praised for intelligence chose the easy task. âTheyâre not fools!â says Dweck. âThey wanted to keep on looking smart. They wanted to keep that label.â
But the vast majority of the students praised for their effort wanted the challenging task. They wanted something they could learn from, and they werenât worried about making mistakes. So right away the study had created one of the hallmarks of a fixed mindset by praising intelligence. âThey said, âDonât give me a challenge; give me something I can look smart on,ââ says Dweck.
When the students were then given a series of more difficult problems, these results were magnified. Students who had been told they were smart now thought that having to struggle meant they werenât smart at all. They thought they had low ability at the task. So their confidence in their ability, which is like self-esteem, plummeted. Because again, if success meant they were smart, failure or difficulty meant they were not. âThey were being taught to measure themselves by the outcome,â says Dweck. âWeâd say, âHey, you did it; you must be smart.â They said, âHey, I didnât do it; I must not be smart.ââ