Yeah, understanding how mods interact gets progressively more important as you go. I can explain how to make your weapons better, at least, quickly:
Each 'category' of damage is multiplicative to other categories while all mods within a category are additive to each-other. The categories are Base (ex Serration), Elemental (ex Stormbringer), Multi-Shot (ex Split Chamber), Critical (ex Point Strike & Vital Sense), and Faction (ex Bane of Grineer).
So, you could get the Arsenal to show you high numbers slapping all your elemental mods on a gun but it won't be as effective as using 1-2 of each category. So, make the combo element that hurts whichever faction you're fighting and use the appropriate Bane mod and you should cut through Sedna like you're back on Earth.
But there's more; There's several types of special mods that are only gotten from a few places:
- Nightmare Mods: They give two positive effects. Nightmare mods tend to cost less mod cap and give less of the effect but getting two effects from one mod tends to be worthwhile (so long as both effects are good). They're only acquired from Nightmare Mode Alerts that show up in places you've already unlocked.
- Corrupted Mods: Give a positive effect and a negative effect. The positive effect tends to be larger than you could get on a normal mod when maxxed out and for some weapons or warframes the negative has no or almost no impact (ex less fire rate on a gun with 1 shot magazine, you reload rather than be slowed by fire rate). You get these buy opening the Dragon Vaults on Deimos missions which will require Dragon Keys.
- Galvanized Mods: Give a positive effect and a conditional positive effect (ex more crit chance for a few seconds after getting a headshot) these are extremely powerful mods but you can only get them from the Arbitration shop on relays, which uses Vitus Essence from the Arbitration gamemode as it's currency. You need to do every node on the star chart to unlock it.
You can use these various special mods to squeeze even more power out of your gear, but you'll likely need Forma to make best use of it all. And Orokin Catalysts.
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