Hello! I just installed my first system using XFS filesystem, and the xfsdump utility seems interesting. I was following this guide about it, but it does not mention anything about the /media mount point: if I have a USB drive full of files mounted in /media/HDD1 and run

xfsdump -f /data/wholesystem.xfsdump /

will the files on the USB be backupped as well? and what about the /home directory?

Hello fellow selfhosters! I changed my server OS from fedora server to alma linux as I wanted a more stable base with less frequent updates for my docker containers, so I backed everything up and installed almalinux. It all went smoothly, and now all the containers seem to work as before except for nginx proxy manager: on fedora, I set all the proxy hosts like this (using jellyfin for instance): jellyfin.mydomain.duckdns.org > http://myserverhostname:8096 now, for some strange reasons, it does not work anymore, and I get a bad gateway error. I tried with and without SSL (that I had from the previous installation, do I need to regenerate them? but without it should work anyway...), pointing to localhost:8096, to myserverhostname:8096, to jellyfin:8096, but nothing. The only way I could make it work was with the resolved IP address of my server:

# host myserverhostname
myserverhostname.station has address 192.168.1.13

pointing nginx to 192.168.1.13:8096 correctly shows the website. why does this happens? am I doing something wrong?

EDIT: the only one that's working with localhost is nginx itself (http://localhost:81)

======

SOLUTION: instead of myserverhostname, in nginx proxy host configuration (in the gui) I had to set myserverhostname.station to get it working. I don't know why, in the previous installation only the hostname was enough...

Do I need to click on the X here? it says "Are you sure you want to delete the root folder '/downloads'?" so I'm a bit scared, it will not remove the actual folder and its content right?

Edit: I created a dummy folder and added and removed it and no file were touched! Thanks to everyone!

Hello! I have a free account at hide.me and would like to try to use it with my docker compose containers. The free plan does not give me the keys for openVPN of Wireguard configuration, but only through the official client. I'd like then to create a docker container that runs the official hide.me client inside, and exposes it to other docker containers (like gluetun does, for instance). I'd also like to implement a killswitch or something like that to prevent ip leakage. Is this something easy-medium hard or something very complex? I already have a script that installs and runs the client to enable vpn that should be run at startup, but I miss the "expose the network interface" and the "do not expose it if not connected" (this last part I think is pretty easy with a basic firewall configuration)

any tips/something already done?
thanks in advance!

EDIT: probably crazy idea, but would it be possible to do this in gluetun?

it says "Remember that it's not possible to play films on GNU/Linux, but only on other compatible devices"... ahh what a wild world we live in

Hello! I recently set up my first home server, and would like to set up qbittorrent on it. I tried using protonVPN, which is what I use on desktop, but got rate limited because torrenting on the free plan is not allowed. What do you think of hide.me vpn? it has a CLI linux version, I think I can install it inside the docker container and set up a killswitch (that should be built in? at least that's what they say) to torrent safely.

I know paid VPNs are better and also pretty cheap, but I cannot afford one right now. Any tips?

Hello! I'm trying to set up qbittorrent and gluetun using docker compose on my home server, using the free account of ProtonVPN.

on some posts I see that ports 8080, 6881 and 6881/UDP are open in gluetun. in the guide I followed instead only port 8080 is exposed. So I exposed port 8080 and it is not working. I launched the torrent of endeavourOS iso image (that my laptop (with the same vpn) downloads in a few minutes with plenty of peers and seeds at about 4Mb/s), and it downloaded at an EXTREME low speed (a few B/s) for a few seconds, and then got stuck at stalled. When it is stalled, the qbittorrent container has no internet access (ping linux.org fails).

So my questions are:

1. Which ports do I need to open on gluetun? if I open 6881 wouldn't my IP be exposed bypassing gluetun?
2. What's wrong with my setup? Why is internet connection so slow when there is, and why does it go away so often?
3. Is this configuration secure? in case of gluetun fail, would my IP be leaked?

here's the two docker-compose.yml files:

version: "3"

services:
    gluetun:
        image: qmcgaw/gluetun
        container_name: gluetun
        cap_add:
            - NET_ADMIN
        environment:
            - VPN_SERVICE_PROVIDER=protonvpn
            - OPENVPN_USER=MYUSERHERE
            - OPENVPN_PASSWORD=MYPASSWORDHERE
            - SERVER_COUNTRIES=Netherlands
            - FREE_ONLY=on
        volumes:
            - ~/docker/gluetun/gluetun:/gluetun
        ports:
            - 8080:8080 # qBittorrent
        restart: unless-stopped

and

version: "3"
services:
  qbittorrent:
    image: linuxserver/qbittorrent:latest
    container_name: qbittorrent
    environment:
      - PUID=1000
      - PGID=1000
      - TZ=Europe/Rome
      - WEBUI_PORT=8080
    volumes:
      - ~/docker/qbittorrent/config:/config
      - ~/docker/qbittorrent/downloads:/downloads
    network_mode: "container:gluetun"
    #ports:
    #  - 8080:8080
    #  - 6881:6881
    #  - 6881:6881/udp
    restart: unless-stopped

and here's some logs:

024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO Settings summary:
├── VPN settings:
|   ├── VPN provider settings:
|   |   ├── Name: protonvpn
|   |   └── Server selection settings:
|   |       ├── VPN type: openvpn
|   |       ├── Countries: netherlands
|   |       ├── Free only servers: yes
|   |       └── OpenVPN server selection settings:
|   |           └── Protocol: UDP
|   └── OpenVPN settings:
|       ├── OpenVPN version: 2.5
|       ├── User: [set]
|       ├── Password: fL...BK
|       ├── Network interface: tun0
|       ├── Run OpenVPN as: root
|       └── Verbosity level: 1
├── DNS settings:
|   ├── Keep existing nameserver(s): no
|   ├── DNS server address to use: 127.0.0.1
|   └── DNS over TLS settings:
|       ├── Enabled: yes
|       ├── Update period: every 24h0m0s
|       ├── Unbound settings:
|       |   ├── Authoritative servers:
|       |   |   └── cloudflare
|       |   ├── Caching: yes
|       |   ├── IPv6: no
|       |   ├── Verbosity level: 1
|       |   ├── Verbosity details level: 0
|       |   ├── Validation log level: 0
|       |   ├── System user: root
|       |   └── Allowed networks:
|       |       ├── 0.0.0.0/0
|       |       └── ::/0
|       └── DNS filtering settings:
|           ├── Block malicious: yes
|           ├── Block ads: no
|           ├── Block surveillance: no
|           └── Blocked IP networks:
|               ├── 127.0.0.1/8
|               ├── 10.0.0.0/8
|               ├── 172.16.0.0/12
|               ├── 192.168.0.0/16
|               ├── 169.254.0.0/16
|               ├── ::1/128
|               ├── fc00::/7
|               ├── fe80::/10
|               ├── ::ffff:127.0.0.1/104
|               ├── ::ffff:10.0.0.0/104
|               ├── ::ffff:169.254.0.0/112
|               ├── ::ffff:172.16.0.0/108
|               └── ::ffff:192.168.0.0/112
├── Firewall settings:
|   └── Enabled: yes
├── Log settings:
|   └── Log level: INFO
├── Health settings:
|   ├── Server listening address: 127.0.0.1:9999
|   ├── Target address: cloudflare.com:443
|   ├── Duration to wait after success: 5s
|   ├── Read header timeout: 100ms
|   ├── Read timeout: 500ms
|   └── VPN wait durations:
|       ├── Initial duration: 6s
|       └── Additional duration: 5s
├── Shadowsocks server settings:
|   └── Enabled: no
├── HTTP proxy settings:
|   └── Enabled: no
├── Control server settings:
|   ├── Listening address: :8000
|   └── Logging: yes
├── OS Alpine settings:
|   ├── Process UID: 1000
|   └── Process GID: 1000
├── Public IP settings:
|   ├── Fetching: every 12h0m0s
|   └── IP file path: /tmp/gluetun/ip
└── Version settings:
└── Enabled: yes
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [routing] default route found: interface eth0, gateway 172.29.0.1, assigned IP 172.29.0.2 and family v4
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [routing] adding route for 0.0.0.0/0
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [firewall] setting allowed subnets...
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [routing] default route found: interface eth0, gateway 172.29.0.1, assigned IP 172.29.0.2 and family v4
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO TUN device is not available: open /dev/net/tun: no such file or directory; creating it...
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [dns] using plaintext DNS at address 1.1.1.1
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [http server] http server listening on [::]:8000
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [healthcheck] listening on 127.0.0.1:9999
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [firewall] allowing VPN connection...
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [openvpn] OpenVPN 2.5.8 x86_64-alpine-linux-musl [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [LZ4] [EPOLL] [MH/PKTINFO] [AEAD] built on Nov  2 2022
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [openvpn] library versions: OpenSSL 3.1.4 24 Oct 2023, LZO 2.10
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [openvpn] TCP/UDP: Preserving recently used remote address: [AF_INET]192.40.57.231:1194
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [openvpn] UDP link local: (not bound)
2024-01-22T19:07:15Z INFO [openvpn] UDP link remote: [AF_INET]192.40.57.231:1194
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [healthcheck] program has been unhealthy for 6s: restarting VPN (see https://github.com/qdm12/gluetun-wiki/blob/main/faq/healthcheck.md)
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [vpn] stopping
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [vpn] starting
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [firewall] allowing VPN connection...
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [openvpn] OpenVPN 2.5.8 x86_64-alpine-linux-musl [SSL (OpenSSL)] [LZO] [LZ4] [EPOLL] [MH/PKTINFO] [AEAD] built on Nov  2 2022
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [openvpn] library versions: OpenSSL 3.1.4 24 Oct 2023, LZO 2.10
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [openvpn] TCP/UDP: Preserving recently used remote address: [AF_INET]185.107.56.235:1194
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [openvpn] UDP link local: (not bound)
2024-01-22T19:07:21Z INFO [openvpn] UDP link remote: [AF_INET]185.107.56.235:1194
2024-01-22T19:07:22Z WARN [openvpn] 'link-mtu' is used inconsistently, local='link-mtu 1633', remote='link-mtu 1634'
2024-01-22T19:07:22Z WARN [openvpn] 'tun-mtu' is used inconsistently, local='tun-mtu 1532', remote='tun-mtu 1500'
2024-01-22T19:07:22Z WARN [openvpn] 'comp-lzo' is present in remote config but missing in local config, remote='comp-lzo'
2024-01-22T19:07:22Z INFO [openvpn] [node-nl-164.protonvpn.net] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]185.107.56.235:1194
2024-01-22T19:07:23Z INFO [openvpn] setsockopt TCP_NODELAY=1 failed
2024-01-22T19:07:23Z INFO [openvpn] TUN/TAP device tun0 opened
2024-01-22T19:07:23Z INFO [openvpn] /sbin/ip link set dev tun0 up mtu 1500
2024-01-22T19:07:23Z INFO [openvpn] /sbin/ip link set dev tun0 up
2024-01-22T19:07:23Z INFO [openvpn] /sbin/ip addr add dev tun0 10.25.0.5/16
2024-01-22T19:07:23Z INFO [openvpn] UID set to nonrootuser
2024-01-22T19:07:23Z INFO [openvpn] Initialization Sequence Completed
2024-01-22T19:07:23Z INFO [dns] downloading DNS over TLS cryptographic files
2024-01-22T19:07:24Z INFO [healthcheck] healthy!
2024-01-22T19:07:24Z INFO [dns] downloading hostnames and IP block lists
2024-01-22T19:07:32Z INFO [healthcheck] unhealthy: dialing: dial tcp4: lookup cloudflare.com: i/o timeout
2024-01-22T19:07:32Z INFO [dns] init module 0: validator
2024-01-22T19:07:32Z INFO [dns] init module 1: iterator
2024-01-22T19:07:32Z INFO [dns] start of service (unbound 1.17.1).
2024-01-22T19:07:33Z INFO [dns] generate keytag query _ta-4a5c-4f66. NULL IN
2024-01-22T19:07:33Z INFO [healthcheck] healthy!
2024-01-22T19:07:33Z INFO [dns] ready
2024-01-22T19:07:33Z INFO [vpn] You are running on the bleeding edge of latest!
2024-01-22T19:07:33Z INFO [ip getter] Public IP address is 185.107.56.251 (Netherlands, North Holland, Amsterdam)

Hello! I converted an old laptop with a broken screen into a home server, and it all works well except for one thing: when I reboot it (via ssh), if no screen is connected, it will get stuck and refuse to boot. as soon as I connect an HDMI monitor, the fans will start spinning and it will start booting as usual. Then I can remove the HDMI and it will work flawlessly. I don't know if this is a linux problem, a GRUB problem, or a firmware problem.
Any idea on how to solve this, or on how to fool it into thinking a screen is connected? The problem is not the lid switch as I removed the magnet from the screen, so it thinks the lid is always open

Thanks in advance!

Hello! I'd like to write a script to download videos from streamingcommunity.estate from a given video URL, and to do this I need the m3u8 file url. Currently I manually go to the network tab to search for it, but I'd like the script to do this automatically. Do you know of a way to achieve this? Bash or Python if possible, otherwise any other method will do fine. Thanks in advance!

Hello! I just installed jellyfin and wanted to access it with https. So, as I did yesterday for other apps (immich) in nginx proxy host I created a new proxy host, set the domain (jellyfin.mydomain.duckdns.org), set "create new SSL certificate", "I agree on let's encrypt stuff" and clicked save. Ports 80 and 443 are the only ports exposed on my router.

After some loading, internal error. searching on the web I tried the followings:

• tried with and without "force SSL"
• open port 81 on the router [source]
• checked Use a DNS Challenge as explained here

but internal error was always there. Any idea what could be the problem? and why yesterday everything worked flawlessly?

EDIT: I rebooted and then i couldn't even log in, bad gateway error. after some troubles I do not remember I achieved to log in, and now the SSL certificate has been added correctly!

Hello! Thanks to everyone who helped me yesterday, but I could not solve the issue. I however identified the problem. I opened a new thread to better focus on the real problem.

I just set up a debian server, installed docker from the official repo and then immich using docker compose. When I run docker compose up -d (after a few seconds) my server loses internet connectivity: it can access local addresses (I can ssh into it) but cannot access the internet: ping linux.org fails.

if I put down immich (docker compose down) it starts working again. the issue is probably that docker is creating a network bridge that conflicts with the host.

After searching the web, I tried to create /etc/docker/daemon.json like this:

{
  "bip": "172.18.0.1/24",
  "default-address-pools": [
    {"base": "172.19.0.0/16", "size": 24}
  ]
}

after the changes systemctl restart docker, then wait 10 seconds for everything to restart correctly.
I tried different configurations of addresses here (every stackoverflow answer gave different values, so I tried all of them), but none of them worked. I don't know how to get which values to put here (if this is actually the solution)

a strange behavior I observed is that running ip route flush 0/0 temporary solves the problem, until the restart of docker, and Immich works normally (at least the "normal" behavior, I don't know if this affects some functionalities)

Any tips? This is my really first experience in self hosting and I have to admit it, I thought it would have been easier :P

In case you'll need it, here's the output of ip addr show:

0.0.0.0 dev veth4c84e92 scope link
0.0.0.0 dev veth1f88dcc scope link
0.0.0.0 dev vethda721de scope link
0.0.0.0 dev vethd123481 scope link
0.0.0.0 dev veth23a05f6 scope link
default dev veth4c84e92 scope link # this line and the line below disappear after the flush
default dev veth1f88dcc scope link # (this one)
default via 192.168.1.1 dev enp1s0
169.254.0.0/16 dev veth23a05f6 proto kernel scope link src 169.254.6.247
169.254.0.0/16 dev vethd123481 proto kernel scope link src 169.254.226.60
169.254.0.0/16 dev vethda721de proto kernel scope link src 169.254.248.163
169.254.0.0/16 dev veth1f88dcc proto kernel scope link src 169.254.136.146
169.254.0.0/16 dev veth4c84e92 proto kernel scope link src 169.254.29.133
169.254.0.0/16 dev enp1s0 scope link metric 1000
172.16.0.0/20 dev br-237d14e56e71 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.0.1
172.18.0.0/24 dev docker0 proto kernel scope link src 172.18.0.1 linkdown
192.168.1.0/24 dev enp1s0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.4
192.168.1.1 dev enp1s0 scope link

EDIT: I gave up. I removed debian and installed fedora, and now it all works like a charm

Hello! I (tried, at least) converted an old laptop to a Debian home server, and I was trying to set up duckdns.org and to enable port forwarding on my router. internet connection was working, I installed packages, docker, immich, etc, and then suddenly (I don't know exactly when) it refuses to connect to the internet. It does connect to local addresses (I can ssh into it) but ping google.com and any other internet-involving command fail. I had set up a rule on the router to forward port 80 to the device's port 80, but I then removed the rule and it still does not connect to the internet. I rebooted the router but nothing changed. Any idea what could be? the router is a Vodafone router.

I changed the hostname to debianserver but on the router it is still written debian. Also, it's the only device with unknown ipv6

thanks in advance!

EDIT: I rebooted again the server, and now ipv6 is not unknown anymore, and the hostname is correct. however, it still does not connect to the internet

EDIT 2:

only one device (debianserver) has this problem, other devices work as before

EDIT 3:

I don't know if it's useful or not, but if I boot a live debian USB in the server internet works

~~SOLUTION:~~ aaaaand no it does not work, after restarting docker it seems to work because all the brodges are yet to be created and it takes some time, after like 30 seconds it does not work as before :(

• edit the file /lib/systemd/system/docker.service
• append the flag --bip=192.168.3.1/24 to ExecStart=....
• systemctl daemon-reload
• systemctl restart docker

docker was the fucker that messed everything up and made me lose a few hours!

EDIT 4:

it seems that ip route flush 0/0 restores the internet connectivity until reboot... I don't know what does this means but can be a temporary workaround I guess? I really have no idea how to solve this

FINAL EDIT: I gave up. I removed debian and installed fedora, and now it all works like a charm